亚急性期脑卒中康复过程中半球间皮质结构可塑性差异

探讨脑卒中患者亚急性期康复过程中不同半球间皮质结构可塑性机制差异。     

江苏省曼氏迭宫绦虫宿主感染调查

目的　了解江苏省曼氏迭宫绦虫宿主感染情况，为曼氏裂头蚴病防控提供科学依据。方法　2018—2019年在江苏省随机抽取9个县（市、区）作为调查点。各调查点随机抽取100名常规健康体检者作为调查对象，进行曼氏迭宫绦虫血清学及病原学检查；在野外环境中调查猫、犬等终宿主及剑水蚤等中间宿主曼氏迭宫绦虫感染情况。结果　江苏省9个调查点人群曼氏迭宫绦虫感染率均为0（0/900），血清抗曼氏裂头蚴IgG抗体阳性率为1.22%（11/900）；中间宿主剑水蚤原尾蚴阳性率为0.33%（3/900），猫、犬等终宿主粪检曼氏迭宫绦虫虫卵阳性率为1.48%（2/135）。结论　江苏省自然环境中存在曼氏迭宫绦虫感染，应加强曼氏裂头蚴病危害和感染途径的健康教育。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间四川省德阳市民众行为及心理调查

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间德阳市民众掌握相关知识的情况、行为变化及心理状态,为政府和个体采取有效的措施提供科学依据。方法 采用网上问卷的方式调查德阳地区民众1 380人,利用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。结果 人们由传统的电视、广播、报纸等途径获得相关知识发展为以电视、网络、微信、抖音等获得;除了通风及抢购口罩和消毒液以外,普遍大众都持积极行为表现,尤其是大专及以上文化程度者明显高于高中及以下文化程度者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;人们心理状态方面：感到恐惧和悲观失望者大专及以上学历低于高中及以下学历;担心传染、担心家人健康、心情压抑、易怒发脾气者大专及以上学历均高于高中及以下学历,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;居民产生恐惧心理的主要原因有7项,其中传染性强、潜伏期长且具传染性、疑似病例增多、药品及防护物质缺乏等项目上大专及以上学历者所占比例均高于高中及以下学历者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 疫情期间,德阳民众普遍存在恐慌、焦虑、悲观等心理状态,应采取有针对性的健康教育策略和措施,对有效预防控制疾病传播非常重要,同时还要注重防止因疫情引起的心理疾病发生。     

耳内镜外科技术教学与培训的思考

随着内镜显像技术的飞速发展,内镜在耳科手术中的使用得到不断的深入,同时给耳科手术带来了新的理念。近年来,国内也出现了一股耳内镜手术的热潮,涌现了一批从事耳内镜手术的专家,但关于耳内镜手术医生的标准化培训流程仍未形成。我中心是国内较早开展耳内镜手术的单位之一,经过长期的探索,不仅在耳内镜外科领域进行了广泛和深入的研究,在耳科医师耳内镜外科的教学培训方面也积累了一定的经验。     

Creutzfeldt-Jakob病与路易体痴呆脑电图表现的研究进展

社会老龄化加速使神经系统变性疾病成为神经病学一个备受关注的领域。EEG作为一项无创、廉价、可重复的检查手段,在神经系统变性疾病中已有广泛应用。目前已有多种特征性EEG被纳入相应疾病的诊断标准。本文从临床角度对Creutzfeldt-Jakob病(CJD)及路易体痴呆(DLB)的EEG表现、产生机制、鉴别诊断及临床应用作以总结,以期对诊断及鉴别诊断起提示作用。     

我国科研人员和期刊编辑对学术期刊开放科学数据的认知调查分析

【目的】 从各个角度呈现我国科研人员和期刊编辑关于期刊开放科学数据的认知现状,为期刊科学数据开放政策的制订提供数据支持。【方法】 基于文献调研和现场调研确定调查内容,利用问卷星平台对我国期刊编辑和自然科学与工程技术领域的科研人员关于学术期刊开放科学数据的发展前景、担忧的问题,以及所需保障等问题进行调查,共获得950份自然科学与工程技术领域科研人员有效问卷和205份期刊编辑有效问卷。【结果】 我国科研人员在向国内外期刊投稿时遇到期刊要求提供原始数据的情况并不是非常普遍,很多期刊编辑对于期刊开放科学数据并不是非常了解;期刊编辑和科研人员基本都认为期刊开放科学数据有利于科研发展,双方均认为中文期刊开放科学数据是必然之势,但是需要一定的保障措施;国家的鼓励性措施、强制性措施均是促使期刊实施开放科学数据政策的可行方式。【结论】 科技期刊需加强开放科学数据的宣传,加深期刊编辑和科研人员对开放科学数据的认识;加强对原始数据的重视,提升期刊编辑对于文章原始数据的理解,并有意识地加强与作者关于原始数据的沟通,为原始数据全面开放提供参考。     

当归芍药散改善认知功能的研究进展

当归芍药散（danggui shaoyao san，DSS）是收录在汉代张仲景《金匮要略》中的著名方剂，原为治疗“妇人怀妊，腹中㽲痛”、“妇人腹中诸疾痛”而设，为中医健脾祛湿、养血调肝的著名方剂。临床多用于妇科疾病的治疗。近年发现当归芍药散具有神经保护作用，尤其对认知功能具有一定改善作用，其作用机制主要与调控雌激素水平、抑制氧化应激以及神经元突触等转导通路及相关信号分子有关。当归芍药散作为潜在的阿尔茨海默病及其他中枢神经退行性疾病治疗药物将日益受到关注，该文对当归芍药散化学成分和药理作用的研究进展进行综述。     

Scutellarin,a modulator of mTOR,attenuates hepatic insulin resistance by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolism via SREBP‐1c suppression

High levels of consumption of saturated lipids have been largely associated with the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases. In particular, saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (PA) have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR). Scutellarin (Scu) is one of the effective traditional Chinese medicines considered beneficial for liver diseases and diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effect of Scu on IR and lipid metabolism disorders in vitro and in high fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. In vitro, we found that Scu decreased insulin‐dependent lipid accumulation and the mRNA expression of CD36, Fasn, and ACC in PA‐treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, Scu upregulated Akt phosphorylation and improved the insulin signalling pathway. Moreover, Scu downregulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation and the n‐SREBP‐1c protein level and also reduced lipid accumulation via the mTOR‐dependent pathway, as confirmed by the molecular docking of Scu to mTOR. In HFD‐fed C57BL/6 mice, Scu improved oral glucose tolerance, pyruvate tolerance and the IR index and also increased the Akt phosphorylation level. Moreover, Scu reduced hepatocyte steatosis, decreased lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels, inhibited mTOR phosphorylation, and decreased the SREBP‐1c level in the liver. Taken together, these findings suggest that Scu ameliorates hepatic IR by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolism via the mTOR‐dependent pathway through SREBP‐1c suppression.     

A novel standardized test system to evaluate dynamic visual acuity post trifocal or monofocal intraocular lens implantation: a multicenter study

ObjectivesTo compare the dynamic visual acuity (DVA) following implantation of trifocal with monofocal intraocular lenses (IOL) and using a novel test system.MethodsThe present research was a retrospective, multicenter clinical study. Two hundred and ten eyes of 149 patients that underwent cataract phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were enrolled. One hundred and ten eyes of patients received trifocal (AT LISA tri839MP, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) and 100 eyes received monofocal (Tecnis ZCB00, Abbott, United States) lenses and were evaluated 3 months after implantation. Outcome measures included monocular uncorrected distance (UDVA), intermediate (UIVA) and near (UNVA) visual acuity and best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA; logMAR units); contrast sensitivity under photopic, mesopic, with glare conditions; and dynamic visual acuity using a self-developed system.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in baseline characteristics between groups. Monocular UDVA, UIVA, and UNVA were significantly better (all p < 0.001) in the trifocal IOL group, but not BCDVA. The trifocal IOL group showed better contrast sensitivity under photopic, mesopic, with or without glare conditions (p < 0.05) and statistically significantly better dynamic vision at 15, 30, 60, and 90 degrees per second (dps) compared with the monofocal group (all p < 0.001). The strength of positive association only between UIVA and dynamic visual acuity increased as the velocity increased, but not UDVA or UNVA.ConclusionsDiffractive trifocal IOL provides better postoperative full range vision acuity, contrast sensitivity, and dynamic vision compared with monofocal IOLs. And intermediate visual acuity is increasingly associated with DVA as the velocity increasing.Subject terms: Quality of life, Outcomes research